Stavropol region. An old-geographic part on Russian Federation located in the central region of Subcaucasia, within Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban region) to your western, the latest Terek part on the southeast, the fresh Wear region into the northern, the brand new Kalmyk Independent Republic for the northeast, together with lands of the Caucasian slope individuals towards the south and southwest. The fresh new Stavropol region essentially matches from inside the region to your previous Stavropol gubernia (with its 18611920 line, 59,five-hundred sq . kilometres) while the later Stavropol krai, quicker the Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five hundred sq . kilometres).
Physical geography. The top part of the Stavropol region is occupied of the Stavropol Upland; the fresh slight portion have areas of the fresh new Caspian Lowland regarding the east, the newest Kuma-Manych Anxiety regarding north, while the foothills of your own Caucasus Mountains about southwestern. The fresh weather of your Stavropol area try transformation, regarding temperate continental in the western to drier and continental throughout the east. The greater ones include the Yegorlyk (hence streams into the Manych), the new Kalaus, this new Kuma, and Kuban and its top tributaries, this new Velykyi Zelenchuk while the Malyi Zelenchuk (discover Zelenchuk canals). River-water is employed having irrigation. Small, mostly saline lakes are plentiful; the greatest ‘s the narrow but 160-km-much time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Although situated Stavropol region remained sparsely inhabited from the nomadic Nogay Tatars (an effective Turkic-talking anybody) and you may Kalmyk people (an effective Mongol-speaking category), just who to each other designated about 80,000
The brand new grounds regarding the western and you will central a portion of the Stavropol region are individuals chernozems and chestnut grounds; toward eastern and you will northeast they getting light chestnut. The fresh new absolute herbs and alter eastward having declining moisture, away from meadow fescuefeather grass steppe to dead fescuefeather lawn steppe and semidesert vegetation from wormwood, inactive fescue, and you can feather yard. From the a great deal more moist the main Stavropol Upland along with new Caucasus hills the new absolute flowers try forest-steppe with pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Today both steppe and the tree-steppe are nearly completely removed getting farming.
Records. Throughout the middle-16th century the latest Caucasus and Stavropol part began to become to the contact with Muscovite colonization. From the 16th and you can seventeenth ages Subcaucasia knowledgeable the fresh roots regarding Cossack colonization (new Wear Cossacks about west in addition to Terek Cossacks for the the latest eastern). Caucasian mountain peoples, the fresh new Karachai additionally the Cherkess, lived in the new hills of the part.
At the beginning of the newest 18th century the latest Stavropol area nominally became a portion of the Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, however, just weren’t founded till the history one-fourth of century, whenever, within the 177780, the brand new Russian government created a type of forts, brand new Mozdok-Azov range, having headquarters on Stavropol, to keep the Caucasian hill peoples. Because of the 1785 new Stavropol part shaped part of Caucasus oblast, which was redesignated an effective gubernia for the 1802. Adopting the numerous term alter it actually was appointed as Stavropol gubernia during the 1847. The borders had been eventually fixed during the 1861, if it was split up away from Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (just like the 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the Stavropol region try compensated because of the one another Ukrainians and Russians, and you may constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The fresh new Russian regulators marketed the newest fast colonization of your Stavropol area to establish a base getting army tricks on Caucasus. Element of that aim is actually achieved by the latest giving preference tracts off house to help you Russian noblemen, just who paid them with its serfs. A very significant cause for colonization, not, is actually this new spontaneous payment by the state peasants who were unimpeded by the new main bodies. In fact the fresh imperial regulators legalized extant claims toward ukase out-of 1804 and you will given support to those who’d paid in the this new Stavropol region. Towards the end of your own 1850s the population off Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 persons per sq km). Its simply city, Stavropol, increased from around step 3,000 residents from inside the 1800 to help you 17,600 residents when you look at the 1853. One particular densely compensated areas had been the fresh new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk and the Kalaus canals as well as the Kalaus Lake valley. The population away from Stavropol gubernia (in addition CharmCupid filles to Terek oblast) in 1853 consisted of forty-eight.eight % Cossacks, thirty-two per cent county peasants, sixteen.dos % nomadic herders, and step three.1 percent serfs although some.